Poetry Analysis Techniques

Here are a handful of techniques you can use to perform an analysis of a poem. Not all of these techniques will work for you on every, but if you memorize these strategies, you can understand just about any poem.

SOAPS Technique

SOAPS is handy as a general introduction to a poem. If you are having a tough time getting any meaning at all from a poem, SOAP will lead you to at least a basic understanding.

• Subject: the general topic, content, and ideas in the poem
• Occasion: the time and place or context of the poem
• Audience: to whom the poem is written
• Purpose: the reason behind the writing of the poem Speaker the voice speaking in the poem

DIDLS Technique

DIDLS is a good strategy for determining the tone of a poem and how the author creates the tone.

• Diction: the author’s word choice Images: vivid appeals to understanding through the senses
• Details: facts that are included or omitted
• Language: the overall use of language Sentence
• Structure: how structure affects the reader’s attitude

TP-CASTT Technique

TP-CASTT is possibly the most effective of the techniques listed.

• Title: Ponder the title before reading the poem.
• Paraphrase: Translate the poem into your own words.
• Connotation: Contemplate the poem for meaning beyond the literal.
• Attitude: Observe both the speaker’s and the poet’s attitude (tone).
• Shifts: Note changes in speakers and attitudes.
• Title: Examine the title again, but on an interpretive level.
• Theme: Determine what the poet is saying.